As respiratory illnesses surge in China, hospitals are becoming overcrowded, and healthcare systems are under immense strain. Health professionals are particularly concerned about the spread of the human metapneumovirus (HMPV), a respiratory infection that is affecting several other Asian nations.
Chinese health authorities report that the virus is rapidly spreading across the northern parts of the country, with the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention confirming that these areas are facing the highest number of cases. HMPV, which affects individuals of all ages, is particularly prevalent among children, escalating fears regarding public health and the pressure on medical facilities.
Despite alarming reports circulating on social media about the severity of the situation, neither the Chinese government nor the World Health Organization (WHO) has officially declared a state of emergency at this time.
The outbreak has raised awareness about the importance of preventive actions, particularly since there is still no vaccine for HMPV, despite the virus being known for almost 20 years.
Health experts are advising the public to remain vigilant and follow health protocols to prevent further spread of the virus. Authorities have recommended frequent hand washing, wearing masks, and taking other necessary precautions.
Governments across Asia are closely monitoring the situation, especially the spread of the respiratory virus in China. Neighboring regions have implemented strict surveillance measures, with Hong Kong reporting only a small number of cases.
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In Japan, health officials are taking proactive steps to tackle the issue. After a major flu outbreak, Japan saw thousands of cases, with local media reporting 94,259 flu patients in the week leading up to December 15. The total number of flu cases in Japan this season has now surpassed 718,000.
What is the HMPV virus?
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a virus classified under the Pneumoviridae family and the Metapneumovirus genus. It is an enveloped RNA virus with a single-stranded negative sense.The virus was first identified in 2001 by Dutch researchers, who discovered it in nasal samples from children suffering from respiratory infections of unclear origin. While it was formally recognized in 2001, serological studies suggest that HMPV has been circulating for over 60 years and is a widespread respiratory pathogen found globally.
Also read:Human Metapneumovirus in China: Alarming Hospital Videos Raise Concerns – Should India Be Worried?
HMPV infection primarily affects children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems, making them more vulnerable, especially when co-infected with other respiratory viruses. Typically, HMPV causes mild symptoms such as cough, fever, nasal congestion, and wheezing, resembling the common cold. However, in more severe cases, it can lead to bronchitis or pneumonia.
In individuals with pre-existing health conditions, HMPV can be fatal. According to a study published in Lancet Global Health in 2021, about 1% of deaths from acute lower respiratory infections in children under five are linked to HMPV. At present, there is no specific vaccine or effective treatment for HMPV, so care mainly focuses on symptom management.